The concept of Environmental Protection is an age old idea imbibed in the Indian Cultural ethos since time immemorial. ‘Paryavaranam’ is a Sanskrit word for Environment that was prevalent in ancient India. Indian Ethos since Vedic period till the modern era depicts Indian’s awareness about importance of Environmental Protection and Conservation of Natural Resources. To understand the present day Legal System for Environment protection and conservation of natural resources, it is important to look into the past Indian traditions and practices of protecting the environment. Therefore, it’s better to look into the norms and policies of environmental protection prevalent in ancient, medieval and modern India and it is believed that this will help us in understanding the present Law and Policy. Environmental awareness can be said to have existed even in the prevedic Indus Valley Civilization which flourished in Northern India about 5,000 years ago. This is evident from the archaeological evidence gathered from Harappa and Mohenjo-Daro which were the prominent cities of the Civilization. Their awareness about hygiene and sanitation as evident from their constructions of ventilated houses, orderly streets, numerous wells, bath rooms, public baths and covered underground drains.