This paper provides a legal analyses of the Basic Structure doctrine of the Indian Constitution. The Constitution of a country may be regarded as the fundamental law of the land, pertaining to the institution of the State and government of the country. It delineates the powers of responsibilities of the various instrumentalities of the State, imposes limitation upon them, and regulates the relations between the State and its population. It also embodies, and even strives to construct, a common national, political and constitutional identity for the people it covers. The word "Basic Structure" is not mentioned in the constitution of India. The concept developed gradually with the interference of the judiciary from time to time to protect the basic rights of the people and the ideals and the philosophy of the constitution.