The aim of the research paper is to provide a legal perspective with regards to Health and Safety under Nigerian Laws. The paper further provides a comparative analysis of extant health and safety practices in Nigeria with other climes notably the United States and European Union noting that Nigeria, USA and EU adopt the civil and criminal approaches of adjudication. The only problem is the provision of penalties for non-compliance and contraventions which are not deterrent enough for violators in Nigeria and USA, even though they have clearly defined structure and system. Furthermore, useful findings are observable with respect to occupational safety and health scheme, in Nigeria for instance, the scheme is ineffective because of myriads of challenges such as ineffective enforcement machinery, etc. In the United States of America, the problem is with adoption of standards and non-deterrent penalties while in the EU jurisdiction, the challenges are difficulties in implementing the EU legislation, emerging risks and technologies and demographic change. In the concluding section, recommendations are made for improved Occupational Safety and Health practices and management in Nigeria, EU and USA.